The 2022 vintage recorded 764 mm of rainfall, slightly below the average of 799 mm for the northern slope of Mount Etna. In addition to the snow that covered the vineyards from late January to early February, it is noteworthy that the rainfall was concentrated in the autumn and winter, with some also occurring in spring. Summer temperatures were slightly above average, but then dropped in the second half of August thanks to new rains. These latter rains had a very positive impact on the vegetative and productive cycle, as well as on the optimal ripening of the grapes. The quantity of grapes harvested was good and perfectly in line with the company’s quality objectives.

* *The average rainfall data has been recorded since the 2007 harvest in Randazzo; in this area, the rainfall data refers to the agricultural year from November 1st to October 31st of the following year

Manual harvesting of grapes into crates with careful selection of the grapes in the vineyard; the harvest took place between September 20 and 29.

Upon arrival at the winery, a further selection of the grapes on a vibrating table before soft pressing. The alcoholic fermentation took place in stainless steel at a temperature of 15-16°C (59-61° F). The wine was aged for 10 months, mostly in tank, while a small portion was aged in French oak, in second and third-passage barriques. This was followed by bottle aging for approximately 16 months before release.

PRODUCTION AREA: Eastern Sicily, north side of Etna, between Randazzo and Castiglione di Sicilia.
SOILS & CLIMATE: Altitudes range from 600 to 750 meters (2,000 – 2,460 ft) a.s.l. The terrain is mountainous, and sandy soils of volcanic origin are fertile and rich in minerals. The climate is continental with Mediterranean influences, characterized by cold winters and summers with significant diurnal temperature variations. This volcano's northern slope is also characterized by lower rainfall compared to the other slopes of Mount Etna, thus favoring optimal grape ripening.
VINEYARD: Vineyards are trained using the traditional Etnean alberello system (with a density of up to 7,000 plants per hectare) and the espalier system with a spurred cordon pruning (density up to 4,700 plants per hectare). Yields range from 45 to 65 quintals per hectare. Due to the predominance of sloping land, many vineyards are traditionally cultivated on terraces supported by dry stone walls made of lava rock.

Grapes: Carricante and a small percentage of other grapes.
Alcohol: 12.5% ABV
Total Acidity: 6.3 g/l
pH: 3.25

The 2021 vintage was characterized by regular climatic conditions, by a cold winter, a mild spring, and a summer with a good temperature range; the total rainfall recorded was 803 mm, in line with the average* of the territory which is 801 mm. A balanced vegetative production cycle gave rise to healthy and well-ripened grapes.

* Average rainfall recorded in Randazzo since the 2007 harvest; in this territory, the pluviometric data refer to the agricultural year (from November 1st to October 31st of the following year).

Manual harvesting of grapes into crates with careful selection of the grapes in the vineyard. The harvest of Carricante started on September 20.

Fermentation in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C. Aging partly in tanks and partly in French oak (second and third passage barriques) for 10 months and then at least 12 months in bottle before release.

PRODUCTION AREA: Eastern Sicily, north side of Etna, between Randazzo and Castiglione di Sicilia.
SOILS & CLIMATE: Altitude from 700 to 750 meters a.s.l.; the composition of the sandy texture lavic soil offers a subacid-neutral reaction, with good organic endowment. Deep, rich in minerals, the lavic soil allows strong root growth. This area of the north of the volcano is characterized by lower-than-average rainfall with respect to the other slopes of Etna. Summers are cool, characterized by strong temperature changes between day and night.
VINEYARD: Vines are trained to the traditional Etnean alberello or to vertical shoot positioning system with spurred cordon pruning. The density is about 4,500 plants per hectare with a yield of 4.5 to 6.5 tons/ha (1.8 tons-2.6 tons/acre).

Denomination: Etna Bianco DOC, Sicilia
Grapes: Carricante and a small percentage of other grapes.
Alcohol: 12.22% ABV
Total Acidity: 6.0 g/l
pH: 3.22

The 2020 vintage was characterized by regular climatic conditions, by a cold winter, a mild spring, and a summer with a good temperature range; the total rainfall recorded was 792mm, in line with the average of the territory which is 801 mm. The vegetative production cycle was therefore balanced and gave rise to healthy and well-ripened grapes.

*average rainfall recorded in Randazzo since the 2007 harvest; in this territory, the pluviometric data refer to the agricultural year intended from 1 November to 31 October of the following year.

Manual harvesting of grapes into crates with careful selection of the grapes in the vineyard. The Carricante harvest took place in the third decade of September.

Fermentation in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C. Aging partly in tanks and partly in French oak (second and third passage barriques) for 10 months and then at least 12 months in bottle before release.

PRODUCTION ZONE: Eastern Sicily, north side of Etna, between Randazzo and Castiglione di Sicilia.
TERRAINS & CLIMATE: altitude from 700 to 750 m a.s.l.; the composition of the sandy texture lavic soil offers a subacid-neutral reaction, with good organic endowment. Deep, rich in minerals, the lavic soil allows strong root growth. This area of the north of the volcano is characterized by precipitations lower than the average of the other slopes of Etna. Summers are cool, characterized by strong temperature changes between day and night.
VINEYARD: etnean Alberello and VSP (Vertical Shoot Positioning) trained with spurred cordon pruning. Density of about 4,500 plants per hectare with a yield of from 4.5 to 6.5 tons/ha (1.8 tons-2.6 tons/acre).

Denomination: Etna Bianco DOC
Grapes: Carricante, the main white grape variety native of Etna
Alcohol: 12.11% ABV
Total Acidity: 6.6 g/l
pH: 3.20

On Etna the 2019 vintage was a fresh vintage and rainfalls were very similar (802 mm) to the average* (801 mm); it was a typical vintage on Mt. Etna with rainfall that was recorded in spring and summer, quite usual for vineyards over 700 m. a. s. l.; in particular, some rainfall between mid-August and early September exalted freshness and aroma. On this side of the volcano the following weeks were dry; this climatic factor, together with the choice to carry out some thinning, facilitated the desired ripening and the regular course of the harvest. The 2019 white wines are particularly fragrant with excellent acid structure.

*average rainfall recorded in Randazzo since the 2007 harvest; in this territory, the pluviometric data refer to the agricultural year intended from 1 November to 31 October of the following year.

Manual harvesting of grapes into crates with careful selection of the grapes in the vineyard. The Carricante harvest began on spt. 30th and ended on oct. 10th.

Fermentation in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C. Aging partly in tanks and partly in French oak (second and third passage barriques) for 10 months and then at least 9 months in bottle before release.

PRODUCTION ZONE: Eastern Sicily, north side of Etna, between Randazzo and Castiglione di Sicilia.
TERRAINS & CLIMATE: altitude from 700 to 750 m a.s.l.; the composition of the sandy texture lavic soil offers a subacid-neutral reaction, with good organic endowment. Deep, rich in minerals, the lavic soil allows strong root growth. This area of the north of the volcano is characterized by precipitations lower than the average of the other slopes of Etna. Summers are cool, characterized by strong temperature changes between day and night.
VINEYARD: etnean Alberello and VSP (Vertical Shoot Positioning) trained with spurred cordon pruning. Density of about 4,500 plants per hectare with a yield of from 4.5 to 6.5 tons/ha (1.8 tons-2.6 tons/acre).

Denomination: Etna Bianco DOC
Grapes: Carricante, the main white grape variety native of Etna
Alcohol: 12.68% ABV
Total Acidity: 6.2 g/l
pH: 3.24.

GRAPES: Carricante PRODUCTION ZONE: Eastern Sicily, north side of Etna, between Randazzo and Castiglione di Sicilia. TERRAINS & CLIMATE: altitude from 730 to 750 m a.s.l.; the composition of the sandy texture lavic soil offers a subacid-neutral reaction, with good organic endowment. Deep, rich in minerals, the lavic soil allows strong root growth. This area of the north of the volcano is characterized by precipitations lower than the average of the other slopes of Etna. Summers are cool, characterized by strong temperature changes between day and night. VINEYARD: alberello or VSP (Vertical Shoot Positioning) training with spurred cordon pruning. Density of about 4,500 plants per hectare with a yield of from 4.5 to 6.5 tons/ha (1.8 tons-2.6 tons/acre). VINTAGE: on Etna 2018 was a cooler and rainier vintage than the last two vintages; a typical Etna vintage with rainfall recorded in spring and summer, quite usual for vineyards located higher than 700 m. above sea level; in particular, some rainfall between mid-August and early September exalted freshness and aromas. On this side of the volcano the following weeks were dry; this climatic factor together with the choice of performing some cluster thinning favored the desired ripening and regular harvesting. The 2018 white wines are particularly fragrant with excellent acid structure. HARVEST: manual harvesting of grapes into crates with careful selection of the grapes in the vineyard. The Carricante harvest began on 26/9 and concluded in a few days. VINIFICATION: fermentation in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C. Aging partly in tanks and partly in French oak (second and third passage barriques) for 10 months and then at least 9 months in bottle before release. ANALYSIS: alcol 12.18 % Vol. – total acidity 6.2 g/l - pH 3.32