At Contessa Entellina, 615 mm of rain were recorded in the 2021 vintage, a figure slightly below the average* of 645 mm of this area: rainfall was concentrated in winter, particularly in February and March, while spring was dry; in this season the delicate phases of flowering and fruit set took regularly place. At the end of June there was a peak of heat which slowed down the vegetative phase of the plants, which was later compensated by lower temperatures in July. A further heat wave in the first two weeks of August accelerated ripening. The entire vegetative production cycle was accompanied by intense and careful work in the vineyard and thus ended regularly. The quantity of grapes produced is slightly higher than in 2020 which - it must be remembered - was below the average. The quality is fully in line with the company objectives, oriented towards quality productions. *The precipitation data are collected by SIAS, Sicilian Agrometeorological Service; the rainfall recorded from October 1st to September 30th of the following year is taken into account; the average is calculated starting from the 2003 harvest.

Fermentation: in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C (57-61° F). Ageing in tanks for two months and then at least two months in bottle before release.

Denomination: Sicilia Doc White
Grapes: Lucido (synonym for Catarratto), the predominant variety; the blend is complemented by other autochthonous and international varieties.
Alcohol: 12.52 % vol
Total Acidity: 5.90 g/l
pH: 3.28

Production Zone: South-West Sicily, Contessa Entellina estate and neighboring areas.
Terrains and Climate: altitude from 200 to 600 m a.m.s.l. (656- 1,312 ft); hilly orography; clay loam soils with a sub-alkaline reaction (pH 7.5 to 7.9) rich in nutritive elements (potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc) and total limestone from 20 to 35%. Mild winters with little rainfall. Warm, dry, ventilated summers. Substantial differences between day and night-time temperatures.
Vineyard: VSP (Vertical Shoot Positioning) training with spurred cordon pruning, leaving 6 to 10 buds per plant. Density 4,500 - 6,000 plants/hectare (1,822-2,429 an acre), with yields of 8.0 - 9.0 tons/ha (3.2 - 3.6 tons/acre).

• DENOMINATION: Sicilia Doc White
• GRAPES: Lucido (synonym for Catarratto), the predominant variety; the blend is complemented by other autochthonous and international varieties.
• PRODUCTION ZONE: south-west Sicily, Contessa Entellina estate and neighboring areas.
• TERRAINS AND CLIMATE: altitude from 200 to 600 m a.m.s.l. (656- 1,312 ft); hilly orography; clay loam soils with a sub-alkaline reaction (pH 7.5 to 7.9) rich in nutritive elements (potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc) and total limestone from 20 to 35%. Mild winters with little rainfall. Warm, dry, ventilated summers. Substantial differences between day and night-time temperatures.
• VINEYARD: VSP (Vertical Shoot Positioning) training with spurred cordon pruning, leaving 6 to 10 buds per plant. Density 4,500 - 6,000 plants/hectare (1,822-2,429 an acre), with yields of 8.0 - 9.0 tons/ha (3.2 - 3.6 tons/acre).
• VINTAGE: at Contessa Entellina in the heart of western Sicily, the 2020 vintage was less precipitous, with 437 mm of rain compared to the average of 647 mm*. Much of the precipitation was in winter and spring, while the summer was quite dry. The careful management of agronomic practices, from pruning to thinning through to the choice of different harvesting times, ensured that the grapes were healthy and well ripened creating white wines of good aromatic intensity and excellent acid structure. *The precipitation data are collected by SIAS, Sicilian Agrometeorological Service; the rainfall recorded from October 1st to September 30th of the following year is taken into account; the average is calculated starting from the 2003 harvest.
• HARVESTING: The Lucido (Catarratto) - the predominant variety in the blend - was harvested between the first decade of September.
• VINIFICATION: Fermentation: in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C (57-61° F). Ageing in tanks for two months and then at least two months in bottle before release.
• ANALYTICAL DATA: alcohol 12.54 % vol. - total acidity 5.90 g/l - pH 3.31.

• DENOMINATION: Sicilia Doc White
• GRAPES: Lucido (synonym for Catarratto), the predominant variety; the blend is complemented by other autochthonous and international varieties.
• PRODUCTION ZONE: south-west Sicily, Contessa Entellina estate and neighboring areas.
• TERRAINS AND CLIMATE: altitude from 200 to 600 m a.m.s.l. (656- 1,312 ft); hilly orography; clay loam soils with a sub-alkaline reaction (pH 7.5 to 7.9) rich in nutritive elements (potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc) and total limestone from 20 to 35%. Mild winters with little rainfall. Warm, dry, ventilated summers. Substantial differences between day and night-time temperatures.
• VINEYARD: VSP (Vertical Shoot Positioning) training with spurred cordon pruning, leaving 6 to 10 buds per plant. Density 4,500 - 6,000 plants/hectare (1,822-2,429 an acre), with yields of 8.0 - 9.0 tons/ha (3.2 - 3.6 tons/acre).
• VINTAGE: at Contessa Entellina in the heart of western Sicily, the 2019 vintage was less precipitous, with 546 mm of rain compared to the average of 660 mm*. Much of the precipitation was in winter and spring, while the summer was quite dry. The careful management of agronomic practices, from pruning to thinning through to the choice of different harvesting times, ensured that the grapes were healthy and well ripened. The white wines of 2019 are particularly fragrant and have an excellent acid structure. *The precipitation data are collected by SIAS, Sicilian Agrometeorological Service; the rainfall recorded from October 1st to September 30th of the following year is taken into account; the average is calculated starting from the 2003 harvest.
• HARVESTING: The Lucido (Catarratto) - the predominant variety in the blend - was harvested between the first decade and second decade of September.
• VINIFICATION: Fermentation: in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C (57-61° F). Ageing in tanks for two months and then at least two months in bottle before release. 
• ANALYTICAL DATA: alcohol 12.44 % vol. - total acidity 6.00 g/l - pH 3.30

• DENOMINATION: Sicilia Doc White
• GRAPES: Lucido (synonym for Catarratto), the predominant variety; the blend is complemented by other autochthonous and international varieties.
• PRODUCTION ZONE: south-west Sicily, Contessa Entellina estate and neighboring areas.
• TERRAINS: altitude from 200 to 600 m a.m.s.l. (656- 1,312 ft); hilly orography; clay loam soils with a sub-alkaline reaction (pH 7.5 to 7.9) rich in nutritive elements (potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc) and total limestone from 20 to 35%.
• VINEYARD: VSP (Vertical Shoot Positioning) training with spurred cordon pruning, leaving 6 to 10 buds per plant. Density 4,500 - 6,000 plants/hectare (1,822-2,429 an acre), with yields of 8.0 - 9.0 tons/ha (3.2 - 3.6 tons/acres)
• VINTAGE: in Contessa Entellina after two little rainy years, in 2018 743 mm of rainfall were recorded, a figure that is above the average * (667 mm) of this territory. Most of the rainfall was distributed in spring; only in some plots there have been heavy precipitations in the summer. The integrated management of agronomic practices, from pruning to thinning to the choice of different harvesting moments, inspired by an eco-sustainable viticulture, has allowed us to have healthy and well-ripened grapes. The harvest was thus in line with the company quality objectives that are oriented to high quality productions. * (precipitation average calculated from the 2003 harvest and measured by SIAS, Sicilian Agrometeorological Service)
• HARVESTING: The Lucido - the predominant variety in the blend - was harvested during the first decade of September.
• VINIFICATION: Fermentation: in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C (57-61° F). Ageing in tanks for two months and then at least two months in bottle before release.
• ANALYTICAL DATA: alcohol 12.01 % vol. - total acidity 6.26 g/l - pH 3.35

• GRAPES: Catarratto, the predominant variety; the blend is complemented by other autochthonous and international varieties.
• PRODUCTION ZONE: southwest Sicily, Contessa Entellina estate and neighboring areas.
• TERRAINS: altitude from 200 to 600 m a.m.s.l. (656- 1,312 ft); hilly orography; clay loam soils with a sub-alkaline reaction (pH 7.5 to 7.9) rich in nutritive elements (potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc) and total limestone from 20 to 35%.
• VINEYARD: VSP (Vertical Shoot Positioning) training with spurred cordon pruning, leaving 6 to 10 buds per plant. Density 4,500 - 6,000 plants/hectare (1,822-2,429 an acre), with yields of 8.0 - 9.0 tons/ha (3.2 - 3.6 tons/acres)
• VINTAGE 2017: The 2017 vintage at Donnafugata has so far been characterized by less rainfall than average. Since rainfall was mainly concentrated in autumn and winter, during the summer months of June and July, we intervened with emergency irrigation. Thus the vineyards were able to complete the vegetation-production cycle in a regular manner. Regarding temperatures, between July and August, values were higher than seasonal averages and this resulted in the ripening of all the varieties cultivated in the countryside around Contessa Entellina 1-2 weeks earlier than usual. Despite the maximum temperature peaks, the good diurnal temperature range recorded among these hills has given rise to healthy grapes with good aromatic and phenolic ripeness.
• HARVESTING: The Catarratto - the predominant variety in the blend - was harvested during the first decade of September.
• VINIFICATION: Fermentation: in stainless steel, at a temperature of 14-16°C (57-61° F). Ageing in tanks for two months and then at least two months in bottle before release.
• ANALYTICAL DATA: alcohol 12.35 % vol. - total acidity 5.9 g/l - pH 3.29